Test Code WEGG Whole Egg, IgE, Serum
Ordering Guidance
For a listing of allergens available for testing, see Allergens - Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Antibodies.
Specimen Required
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL for every 5 allergens requested
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.
Useful For
Establishing a diagnosis of an allergy to whole egg
Defining the allergen responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms
Identifying allergens:
-Responsible for allergic response and/or anaphylactic episode
-To confirm sensitization prior to beginning immunotherapy
-To investigate the specificity of allergic reactions to insect venom allergens, drugs, or chemical allergens
Special Instructions
Method Name
Fluorescence Enzyme Immunoassay (FEIA)
Reporting Name
Whole Egg, IgESpecimen Type
SerumSpecimen Minimum Volume
For 1 allergen: 0.3 mL
For more than 1 allergen: (0.05 mL x number of allergens) + 0.25 mL deadspace
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
Frozen | 90 days |
Reference Values
Class |
IgE kU/L |
Interpretation |
0 |
<0.10 |
Negative |
0/1 |
0.10-0.34 |
Borderline/equivocal |
1 |
0.35-0.69 |
Equivocal |
2 |
0.70-3.49 |
Positive |
3 |
3.50-17.4 |
Positive |
4 |
17.5-49.9 |
Strongly positive |
5 |
50.0-99.9 |
Strongly positive |
6 |
≥100 |
Strongly positive |
Reference values apply to all ages.
Interpretation
Whole egg includes proteins and potential allergens from both egg white and egg yolk. Egg white is generally more allergenic than egg yolk. Clinical reactions to egg are predominantly IgE-mediated immediate reactions characterized by atopic dermatitis, urticarial (hives), angioedema, vomiting, diarrhea, rhinoconjunctivitis, and asthma. Children with atopic dermatitis may have an immediate exacerbation of symptoms or a delayed reaction causing a worsening of their dermatitis 1 to 2 days after exposure to egg. Eosinophilic esophagitis as a result of allergy to egg has been described. Egg white is often responsible for the early development of urticaria and eczema during infancy.
In egg yolk, alpha-livetin (Gal d 5) is the major allergen and allergenicity to Gal d 5 is involved in bird-egg syndrome characterized egg intolerance in adults is due to sensitization by inhalation of bird dander. In these cases, there is secondary sensitization or cross-reactivity with serum albumin in egg yolk (Gal d 5) resulting in potential respiratory symptoms including asthma or rhinitis with bird exposure and additional allergic symptoms to egg.
Table of Major Egg Allergens
Egg white allergen |
Common name |
Heat-and Digestion Stability |
Allergenic activity |
Gal d 1 |
Ovomucoid |
Stable |
+++ (major allergen) |
Gal d 2 |
Ovalbumin |
Unstable |
++ |
Gal d 3 |
Ovotransferrin/conalbumin |
Unstable |
+ |
Gal d 4 |
Lysosyme |
Unstable |
++ |
Egg yolk allergen |
|
|
|
Gal d 5 |
Alpha-livetin, serum albumin |
Partially stable |
|
Gal d 6 |
YGP42, a lipoprotein |
Stabile |
|
Detection of IgE antibodies in serum (class 1 or greater) indicates an increased likelihood of allergic disease as opposed to other etiologies and defines the allergens that may be responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms.
The level of IgE antibodies in serum varies directly with the concentration of IgE antibodies expressed as a class score or kU/L.
Clinical Reference
1. Homburger HA, Hamilton RG: Allergic diseases. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 23rd ed. Elsevier; 2017:1057-1070
2. Caubet JC, Wang J: Current understanding of egg allergy. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2011;58(2):427-xi. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.02.014
3. Shin M, Han Y, Ahn K: The influence of the time and temperature of heat treatment on the allergenicity of egg white proteins. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2013 Mar;5(2):96-101. doi: 10.4168/aair.2013.5.2.96.
Performing Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterTest Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
86003
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
WEGG | Whole Egg, IgE | 7291-8 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
WEGG | Whole Egg, IgE | 7291-8 |
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Report Available
Same day/1 to 3 daysForms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send an Allergen Test Request (T236) with the specimen.