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HelpTest Code TLU Thallium, 24 Hour, Urine
Reporting Name
Thallium, 24 Hr, UUseful For
Detecting toxic thallium exposure in 24-hour urine collections
Performing Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester
Specimen Type
UrineNecessary Information
24-Hour volume (in milliliters) is required.
Specimen Required
Patient Preparation: High concentrations of gadolinium and iodine are known to interfere with most metal tests. If either gadolinium- or iodine-containing contrast media has been administered, a specimen should not be collected for 96 hours.
Supplies: Urine Tubes, 10 mL (T068)
Collection Container/Tube: Clean, plastic urine container with no metal cap or glued insert
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic, 10-mL urine tube or a clean, plastic aliquot container with no metal cap or glued insert
Specimen Volume: 10 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Collect urine for 24 hours.
2. Refrigerate specimen within 4 hours of completion of 24-hour collection.
3. Aliquot 10 mL into a plastic 10-mL urine tube (T068) or a clean, plastic aliquot container with no metal cap or glued insert.
4. See Metals Analysis Specimen Collection and Transport for complete instructions.
Additional Information: See Urine Preservatives-Collection and Transportation for 24-Hour Urine Specimens for multiple collections.
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.3 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urine | Refrigerated (preferred) | 28 days | |
| Ambient | 28 days | ||
| Frozen | 28 days |
Special Instructions
Reference Values
0-17 years: Not established
≥18 years: <2 mcg/24 hours
Day(s) Performed
Tuesday, Friday
Test Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
83018
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| TLU | Thallium, 24 Hr, U | 5746-3 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| 8603 | Thallium, 24 Hr, U | 5746-3 |
| TIME2 | Collection Duration | 13362-9 |
| VL12 | Urine Volume | 3167-4 |
Interpretation
Patients exposed to high doses of thallium (>1 g) present clinically with alopecia, peripheral neuropathy, seizures, and kidney failure.
Exposed patients can have urine output greater than 10 mcg/day. The long-term consequences of such an exposure are poor.
Clinical Reference
1. Bank WJ, Pleasure DE, Suzuki K, Nigro M, Katz R. Thallium poisoning. Arch Neurol. 1972;26(5):456-464
2. Pelclova D, Urban P, Ridson P, et al. Two-year follow-up of two patients after severe thallium intoxication. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2009;28(5):263-272
3. Zhao G, Ding M, Zhang B, et al. Clinical manifestations and management of acute thallium poisoning. Eur Neurol. 2008;60(6):292-297
4. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry: Toxicological profile for thallium. US Department of Health and Human Services; July 1992. Available at www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp54.pdf
5. Strathmann FG, Blum LM. Toxic elements. In: Rifai N, Chiu RWK, Young I, eds. Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine. 7th ed. Elsevier; 2023:455.e55
Report Available
2 to 5 daysMethod Name
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)