Sign in →

Test Code PC1TS Purkinje Cell Cytoplasmic Antibody Type 1 (PCA-1) Titer, Serum (Non-Orderable)


Specimen Required


Only orderable as a reflex. For further information see:

ENS2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

MDS2 / Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

MAS1 / Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum


Useful For

Only orderable as a reflex. For further information see:

ENS2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

MDS2 / Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

MAS1 / Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

 

Identifying female patients whose subacute cerebellar degeneration or peripheral neuropathy is due to a remote (autoimmune) effect of gynecologic or breast carcinoma

 

Reporting an end titer result from serum specimens

Testing Algorithm

If the indirect immunofluorescence pattern suggests Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody type 1 (PCA-1), then this test will be performed at an additional charge.

Method Name

Only orderable as a reflex. For further information see:

ENS2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

MDS2 / Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

MAS1 / Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

 

Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)

Reporting Name

PCA-1 Titer, S

Specimen Type

Serum

Specimen Minimum Volume

Serum: 0.6 mL

Specimen Stability Information

Specimen Type Temperature Time
Serum Refrigerated (preferred) 28 days
  Frozen  28 days
  Ambient  72 hours

Reference Values

Only orderable as a reflex. For further information see:

ENS2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

MDS2 / Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

MAS1 / Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

 

<1:240

Neuron-restricted patterns of IgG staining that do not fulfill criteria for Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody type 1 may be reported as "unclassified antineuronal IgG." Complex patterns that include nonneuronal elements may be reported as "uninterpretable."

Interpretation

Purkinje cell antibody type 1 (PCA-1) has not been detected in healthy individuals and is rarely found in patients with neurologic diseases, including cerebellar disorders, without gynecologic or breast cancer. Ovarian cancers associated with PCA-1 typically have limited metastatic spread and may not be detected by imaging. If mammography findings are negative, exploratory laparotomy is advisable (as a "second look" in management of ovarian carcinoma). Breast carcinoma may coexist with Mullerian cancer. PCA-1 is rarely detected in patients with gynecologic cancer without neurologic dysfunction (<2%). PCA-1 is readily distinguished from PCA-Tr, a marker of Hodgkin lymphoma, and PCA-2, a marker of small-cell lung carcinoma, by standardized staining criteria. PCA-1 is rarely, if ever, accompanied by neuronal cytoplasmic or nuclear antibodies.

Clinical Reference

1. Hetzel DJ, Stanhope CR, O'Neill BP, Lennon VA. Gynecologic cancer in patients with subacute cerebellar degeneration predicted by anti-Purkinje cell antibodies and limited in metastatic volume. Mayo Clin Proc. 1990;65(12):1558-1563

2. McKeon A, Tracy JA, Pittock SJ, Parisi JE, Klein CJ, Lennon VA. Purkinje cell cytoplasmic autoantibody type 1 accompaniments: the cerebellum and beyond. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(10):1282-1289. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2011.128

3. Vernino S, Lennon VA. New Purkinje cell antibody (PCA-2): Marker of lung cancer-related neurological autoimmunity. Ann Neurol. 2000;47(3):297-305

4. Yu Z, Kryzer TJ, Griesmann GE, Kim K, Benarroch EE, Lennon VA. CRMP-5 neuronal autoantibody: marker of lung cancer and thymoma-related autoimmunity. Ann Neurol. 2001;49(2):146-154

5. Pittock SJ, Kryzer TJ, Lennon VA. Paraneoplastic antibodies coexist and predict cancer, not neurological syndrome. Ann Neurol. 2004;56(5):715-719

6. Horta ES, Lennon VA, Lachance DH, et al. Neural autoantibody clusters aid diagnosis of cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20(14):3862-3869

7. Vorasoot N, Scharf M, Miske R, et al. CDR2 and CDR2L line blot performance in PCA-1/anti-Yo paraneoplastic autoimmunity. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1265797

Day(s) Performed

Monday through Sunday

Report Available

6 to 8 days

Performing Laboratory

Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester

Test Classification

This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

CPT Code Information

86256

LOINC Code Information

Test ID Test Order Name Order LOINC Value
PC1TS PCA-1 Titer, S 94350-6

 

Result ID Test Result Name Result LOINC Value
43437 PCA-1 Titer, S 94350-6