Test Code HPCOV Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), Molecular Detection, Varies
Ordering Guidance
Due to the non-specific clinical presentation of COVID-19 during the early stages of the illness, testing for other respiratory infections (eg, influenza) may be warranted.
Specimen Required
Preferred:
Specimen Type: Nasopharyngeal swab
Container/Tube: Sterile container with viral transport media
Specimen Volume: Entire specimen with a minimum of 1.5 mL (maximum 3 mL) of transport media.
Collection Instructions:
1. Collect specimen by swabbing back and forth over mucosa surface to maximize recovery of cells.
2. Swab must be placed into viral transport media (eg, M4-RT, M4 or M5), saline, or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Media should not contain guanidine thiocyanate (GTC).
Specimen Type: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Container/Tube: Sterile container
Specimen Volume: 0.6 mL
Additional Information: Do not aliquot into viral transport media.
Acceptable:
Specimen Type: Oropharyngeal (throat) swab, nasal mid-turbinate, or nares/nasal swab
Supplies:
-Culturette (BBL Culture Swab) (T092)
-Mid Turbinate (MT) Swab (FLOQSwab/COPAN) (T864)
-Swab, Sterile Polyester (T507)
Container/Tube: Sterile container with transport media
Specimen Volume: Entire specimen with a minimum of 1.5 mL (maximum 3 mL) of transport media.
Preferred: BBL Culture Swab, COPAN Mid-turbinate Swab
Acceptable: Dacron-tipped swab with plastic handle
Collection Instructions: Swab must be placed into viral transport media (eg, M4-RT, M4, or M5), saline, or PBS. Media should not contain guanidine thiocyanate (GTC).
Specimen Type: Bronchial washings, endotracheal aspirate, sputum
Container/Tube: Sterile container
Specimen Volume: 0.6 mL
Additional Information: Do not aliquot into viral transport media.
Useful For
Diagnosis of COVID-19 illness due to SARS-CoV-2
Method Name
Reverse Transcription, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR)
Reporting Name
SARS CoV-2 RNA, PCR, VariesSpecimen Type
VariesSpecimen Minimum Volume
Upper respiratory tract swab: See Specimen Required; lower respiratory specimens: 0.3 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Varies | Frozen (preferred) | 14 days | |
Refrigerated | 72 hours |
Reference Values
Undetected
Interpretation
A "Detected" (positive) result indicates that SARS-CoV-2 RNA is present and suggests the diagnosis of COVID-19. The test result should always be considered in the context of patient's clinical history, physical examination, and epidemiologic exposures when making the final diagnosis.
An "Undetected" (negative) result indicates that SARS-CoV-2 is not present in the patient's specimen. However, this result may be influenced by the stage of the infection, as well as the quality and type of the specimen collected for testing. Result should be correlated with patient's history and clinical presentation.
An "Inconclusive" result indicates that the presence or absence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the specimen could not be determined with certainty after repeat testing in the laboratory, possibly due to inhibition. Submission of a new specimen for testing is recommended.
Clinical Reference
1. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-733. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
2. Loeffelholz MJ, Tang YW. Laboratory diagnosis of emerging human coronavirus infections-the state of the art. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020;9(1):747-756. doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1745095
3. Mohammadi A, Esmaeilzadeh E, Li Y, Bosch RJ, Li JZ. SARS-CoV-2 detection in different respiratory sites: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EBioMedicine. 2020;59:102903. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102903
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Testing for COVID-19. CDC; Updated June 25, 2024. Accessed August 22, 2024. Available at www.cdc.gov/covid/testing/index.html
5. US Food and Drug Administration. FAQs on diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2. Updated November 8, 2023. Accessed August 22, 2024. Available at www.fda.gov/medical-devices/coronavirus-covid-19-and-medical-devices/faqs-testing-sars-cov-2
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Sunday
Report Available
Same day/1 to 2 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterTest Classification
This test has received Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
87635
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
HPCOV | SARS CoV-2 RNA, PCR, Varies | 94559-2 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
614021 | SARS CoV-2 RNA, PCR | 94559-2 |
HPCVS | SARS CoV-2 RNA, PCR, Source | 31208-2 |
Testing Algorithm
For information see Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Testing Algorithm.