Test Code EPO Erythropoietin, Serum
Reporting Name
Erythropoietin (EPO), SUseful For
An aid in distinguishing between primary and secondary polycythemia
Differentiating between appropriate secondary polycythemia (eg, high-altitude living, pulmonary disease, tobacco use) and inappropriate secondary polycythemia (eg, tumors)
Identifying candidates for erythropoietin (EPO) replacement therapy (eg, those with chronic renal failure)
Evaluating patients undergoing EPO replacement therapy who demonstrate an inadequate hematopoietic response
Testing Algorithm
The following algorithms are available in Special Instructions:
-Erythrocytosis Evaluation Testing Algorithm
-Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: A Diagnostic Approach to Bone Marrow Evaluation
-Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: A Diagnostic Approach to Peripheral Blood Evaluation
Performing Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterSpecimen Type
SerumSpecimen Required
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 0.6 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Morning collection, 7:30 a.m.-12 p.m. is preferred due to diurnal variation. For more information see Cautions.
2. Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.5 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
Frozen | 14 days | ||
Ambient | 7 days |
Special Instructions
Reference Values
2.6-18.5 mIU/mL
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Test Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
82668
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
EPO | Erythropoietin (EPO), S | 15061-5 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
EPO | Erythropoietin (EPO), S | 15061-5 |
Interpretation
In the appropriate clinical setting (eg, confirmed elevation of hemoglobin >18.5 g/dL, persistent leukocytosis, persistent thrombocytosis, unusual thrombosis, splenomegaly, and erythromelalgia), polycythemia vera is unlikely when erythropoietin (EPO) levels are elevated but is likely when EPO levels are suppressed.
EPO levels are also increased in patients with anemia of bone marrow failure, iron deficiency, or thalassemia.
Patients, who have either a poor or no erythropoietic response to EPO therapy, but high-normal or high EPO levels, may have additional, unrecognized causes for their anemia. If no contributing factors can be identified after adequate further study, the possibility that the patient may have developed EPO-antibodies should be considered. This can be a serious clinical situation that can result in red cell aplasia and should prompt expeditious referral to hematologists or immunologists skilled in diagnosing and treating this disorder.
Clinical Reference
1. Tefferi A: Diagnosing polycythemia vera: a paradigm shift. Mayo Clin Proc. 1999;74:159-162
2. Hoagland HC: Myelodysplastic (preleukemia) syndromes: the bone marrow factory failure problem. Mayo Clin Proc. 1995;70:673-677
3. Casadeval N: Pure red cell aplasia and anti-erythropoietin antibodies in patients treated with epoetin. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003;18 (Suppl. 8):viii37-viii41
4. Fisher JW: Erythropoietin: physiology and pharmacology update. Exp Biol Med. 2003;228:1-14
5. Strippoli GFM, Manno C, Schena FP, Craig JC: Haemoglobin and haematocrit targets for the anaemia of chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Oct 18;(4):CD003967
6. Tefferi A: Polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: 2012 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2012 Mar;87:285-293. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23135
7. Moore E, Bellomo R: Erythropoietin (EPO) in acute kidney injury. Ann Intensive Care. 2011 March;1(3). doi: 10.1186/2110-5820-1-3
8. Macdougall I: Anaemia and chronic renal failure. Medicine. 2011;39(7):425-428. doi: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2011.04.009
Report Available
1 to 3 daysMethod Name
Immunoenzymatic Assay
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send 1 of the following forms with the specimen:
-General Request (T239)
-Benign Hematology Test Request (T755)